Summary of differences in arcseconds
Green means < 10 milli-arcsec, orange < 1 arcsec and red > 1 arcsec
| casa | novas | palpy | pyast | pyephem | skyfield | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ecliptic → fk4 | 12.176896 10.983135 13.951006 3.072234 | — | 12.128428 10.935371 13.888976 3.057482 | 12.188700 10.989591 13.957816 3.072625 | 11.674292 10.582021 13.791029 2.971487 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → fk5 | 12.176071 10.982941 13.949959 3.072341 | 12.183666 10.983796 13.949868 3.071507 | 12.128188 10.935167 13.887797 3.057587 | 12.188460 10.989386 13.956636 3.072730 | 12.176075 10.982942 13.949959 3.072340 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → galactic | 11.747090 10.601178 13.470270 2.971002 | — | 12.127859 10.935080 13.887731 3.057601 | 12.188131 10.989299 13.956571 3.072743 | 12.172479 10.979089 13.945046 3.071261 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → icrs | 12.162721 10.969523 13.932065 3.067761 | 12.169467 10.970410 13.932002 3.066932 | 12.128188 10.935167 13.887797 3.057587 | 12.188459 10.989386 13.956636 3.072730 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → ecliptic | 12.040722 10.868632 13.951088 3.196444 | — | 11.985431 10.820986 13.888844 3.182153 | 12.044888 10.874632 13.957682 3.197933 | 2159.911813 1948.949561 2501.029890 573.269310 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → fk5 | 0.004455 0.004223 0.006195 0.001324 | — | 0.004455 0.004223 0.006196 0.001324 | 0.004455 0.004223 0.006196 0.001324 | 0.564695 0.574742 1.020210 0.254929 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → galactic | 0.297078 0.270358 0.342891 0.076601 | — | 0.217933 0.196145 0.249069 0.055752 | 0.217933 0.196145 0.249069 0.055752 | 0.459495 0.458131 0.860151 0.230676 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → icrs | 0.024104 0.021804 0.029028 0.006514 | — | 0.004461 0.004223 0.006199 0.001325 | 0.004461 0.004223 0.006199 0.001325 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → ecliptic | 12.040405 10.868485 13.949966 3.196385 | 12.042833 10.868937 13.949851 3.196657 | 11.987949 10.820832 13.887806 3.182083 | 12.047118 10.874478 13.956645 3.197862 | 12.040407 10.868485 13.949966 3.196385 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → fk4 | 0.004462 0.004223 0.006212 0.001324 | — | 0.004450 0.004217 0.006194 0.001322 | 0.004450 0.004217 0.006194 0.001322 | 0.564713 0.574624 1.020036 0.254973 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → galactic | 0.458094 0.413288 0.524942 0.115604 | — | 0.001235 0.001110 0.001414 0.000319 | 0.001235 0.001110 0.001414 0.000319 | 0.007900 0.007151 0.009162 0.002086 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → icrs | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.025767 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → ecliptic | 11.747113 10.625375 13.470301 3.019763 | — | 12.088482 10.952434 13.887739 3.111544 | 12.148645 11.006717 13.956578 3.126967 | 12.134777 10.998102 13.945060 3.124617 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → fk4 | 0.294912 0.268313 0.342896 0.078400 | — | 0.217123 0.195032 0.249037 0.056381 | 0.217123 0.195032 0.249037 0.056381 | 0.448513 0.449965 0.858774 0.226540 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → fk5 | 0.453846 0.412306 0.524934 0.116004 | — | 0.001213 0.001098 0.001414 0.000326 | 0.001213 0.001098 0.001414 0.000326 | 0.007893 0.007138 0.009162 0.002052 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → icrs | 0.445129 0.406172 0.517378 0.114207 | — | 0.001213 0.001098 0.001414 0.000326 | 0.001213 0.001098 0.001414 0.000326 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → ecliptic | 12.026334 10.855031 13.932066 3.192086 | 12.024710 10.855515 13.931998 3.192368 | 11.987949 10.820832 13.887806 3.182083 | 12.047119 10.874478 13.956645 3.197862 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → fk4 | 0.024150 0.021805 0.029027 0.006518 | — | 0.004450 0.004217 0.006194 0.001322 | 0.004450 0.004217 0.006194 0.001322 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → fk5 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → galactic | 0.449871 0.408095 0.517387 0.113276 | — | 0.001235 0.001110 0.001414 0.000319 | 0.001235 0.001110 0.001414 0.000319 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| astropy | novas | palpy | pyast | pyephem | skyfield | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ecliptic → fk4 | 12.176896 10.983135 13.951006 3.072234 | — | 0.062985 0.057499 0.074090 0.016668 | 0.036182 0.032938 0.041569 0.008883 | 0.559139 0.574901 1.018259 0.251323 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → fk5 | 12.176071 10.982941 13.949959 3.072341 | 0.036619 0.032998 0.042000 0.009518 | 0.062989 0.057502 0.074091 0.016668 | 0.036183 0.032943 0.041557 0.008885 | 0.000035 0.000031 0.000040 0.000009 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → galactic | 11.747090 10.601178 13.470270 2.971002 | — | 0.423789 0.380396 0.479313 0.105126 | 0.474529 0.428917 0.540607 0.118229 | 0.452386 0.410633 0.518261 0.113368 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → icrs | 12.162721 10.969523 13.932065 3.067761 | 0.036619 0.032998 0.042000 0.009518 | 0.041801 0.038337 0.049150 0.010923 | 0.029219 0.026383 0.033100 0.007166 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → ecliptic | 12.040722 10.868632 13.951088 3.196444 | — | 0.063353 0.057303 0.074093 0.017007 | 0.036432 0.033074 0.041561 0.008952 | 2171.891432 1959.817222 2514.975798 576.465454 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → fk5 | 0.004455 0.004223 0.006195 0.001324 | — | 0.000006 0.000005 0.000007 0.000002 | 0.000006 0.000005 0.000007 0.000002 | 0.565963 0.575007 1.019602 0.254423 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → galactic | 0.297078 0.270358 0.342891 0.076601 | — | 0.305000 0.309451 0.586296 0.156885 | 0.305000 0.309451 0.586296 0.156885 | 0.452848 0.408335 0.518503 0.114099 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → icrs | 0.024104 0.021804 0.029028 0.006514 | — | 0.025795 0.023360 0.030027 0.006850 | 0.025795 0.023360 0.030027 0.006850 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → ecliptic | 12.040405 10.868485 13.949966 3.196385 | 0.036620 0.032998 0.042000 0.009518 | 0.063328 0.057304 0.074092 0.017004 | 0.036442 0.033079 0.041557 0.008934 | 0.000035 0.000031 0.000040 0.000009 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → fk4 | 0.004462 0.004223 0.006212 0.001324 | — | 0.000014 0.000014 0.000156 0.000009 | 0.000014 0.000014 0.000156 0.000009 | 0.564780 0.574895 1.019429 0.254469 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → galactic | 0.458094 0.413288 0.524942 0.115604 | — | 0.457973 0.413190 0.524860 0.115613 | 0.457973 0.413190 0.524860 0.115613 | 0.452300 0.408086 0.518261 0.114089 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → icrs | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000001 0.000000 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → ecliptic | 11.747113 10.625375 13.470301 3.019763 | — | 0.412931 0.376211 0.479308 0.105471 | 0.465077 0.424541 0.540597 0.118943 | 0.446826 0.407091 0.518249 0.114453 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → fk4 | 0.294912 0.268313 0.342896 0.078400 | — | 0.289300 0.305089 0.586087 0.153734 | 0.289300 0.305089 0.586087 0.153734 | 0.447031 0.407285 0.518496 0.114508 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → fk5 | 0.453846 0.412306 0.524934 0.116004 | — | 0.453866 0.412239 0.524856 0.116004 | 0.453866 0.412239 0.524856 0.116004 | 0.446820 0.407091 0.518249 0.114454 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → icrs | 0.445129 0.406172 0.517378 0.114207 | — | 0.445291 0.406074 0.517262 0.114202 | 0.445291 0.406074 0.517262 0.114202 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → ecliptic | 12.026334 10.855031 13.932066 3.192086 | 0.036619 0.032998 0.042000 0.009518 | 0.041853 0.038088 0.049150 0.011165 | 0.029060 0.026194 0.033101 0.007358 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → fk4 | 0.024150 0.021805 0.029027 0.006518 | — | 0.025765 0.023354 0.030035 0.006857 | 0.025765 0.023354 0.030035 0.006857 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → fk5 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000001 0.000000 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → galactic | 0.449871 0.408095 0.517387 0.113276 | — | 0.450293 0.407967 0.517266 0.113281 | 0.450293 0.407967 0.517266 0.113281 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| astropy | casa | palpy | pyast | pyephem | skyfield | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ecliptic → fk5 | 12.183666 10.983796 13.949868 3.071507 | 0.036619 0.032998 0.042000 0.009518 | 0.056831 0.051613 0.065971 0.015038 | 0.020006 0.018190 0.023147 0.005122 | 0.036584 0.032967 0.041960 0.009509 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → icrs | 12.169467 10.970410 13.932002 3.066932 | 0.036619 0.032998 0.042000 0.009518 | 0.042302 0.038737 0.048756 0.010579 | 0.027330 0.024660 0.031674 0.007067 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → ecliptic | 12.042833 10.868937 13.949851 3.196657 | 0.036620 0.032998 0.042000 0.009518 | 0.056558 0.051305 0.065971 0.015098 | 0.020125 0.018223 0.023147 0.005180 | 0.036585 0.032967 0.041960 0.009509 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → icrs | 0.025767 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000001 0.000000 | 0.025767 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.025767 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → ecliptic | 12.024710 10.855515 13.931998 3.192368 | 0.036619 0.032998 0.042000 0.009518 | 0.041973 0.038386 0.048756 0.010878 | 0.026856 0.024571 0.031674 0.007105 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → fk5 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000001 0.000000 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| astropy | casa | novas | pyast | pyephem | skyfield | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ecliptic → fk4 | 12.128428 10.935371 13.888976 3.057482 | 0.062985 0.057499 0.074090 0.016668 | — | 0.060105 0.054222 0.068844 0.015143 | 0.543957 0.554878 0.988669 0.244565 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → fk5 | 12.128188 10.935167 13.887797 3.057587 | 0.062989 0.057502 0.074091 0.016668 | 0.056831 0.051613 0.065971 0.015038 | 0.060105 0.054222 0.068844 0.015143 | 0.062990 0.057487 0.074073 0.016664 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → galactic | 12.127859 10.935080 13.887731 3.057601 | 0.423789 0.380396 0.479313 0.105126 | — | 0.060105 0.054222 0.068844 0.015143 | 0.058886 0.053390 0.068898 0.015687 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → icrs | 12.128188 10.935167 13.887797 3.057587 | 0.041801 0.038337 0.049150 0.010923 | 0.042302 0.038737 0.048756 0.010579 | 0.060105 0.054222 0.068844 0.015143 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → ecliptic | 11.985431 10.820986 13.888844 3.182153 | 0.063353 0.057303 0.074093 0.017007 | — | 0.059451 0.053648 0.068844 0.015781 | 2171.836776 1959.769896 2514.914473 576.451267 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → fk5 | 0.004455 0.004223 0.006196 0.001324 | 0.000006 0.000005 0.000007 0.000002 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.565967 0.575010 1.019607 0.254424 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → galactic | 0.217933 0.196145 0.249069 0.055752 | 0.305000 0.309451 0.586296 0.156885 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.563261 0.569953 1.012050 0.253002 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → icrs | 0.004461 0.004223 0.006199 0.001325 | 0.025795 0.023360 0.030027 0.006850 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → ecliptic | 11.987949 10.820832 13.887806 3.182083 | 0.063328 0.057304 0.074092 0.017004 | 0.056558 0.051305 0.065971 0.015098 | 0.059451 0.053648 0.068844 0.015780 | 0.063304 0.057289 0.074073 0.017000 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → fk4 | 0.004450 0.004217 0.006194 0.001322 | 0.000014 0.000014 0.000156 0.000009 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.564797 0.574896 1.019420 0.254471 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → galactic | 0.001235 0.001110 0.001414 0.000319 | 0.457973 0.413190 0.524860 0.115613 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.008617 0.007782 0.009988 0.002287 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → icrs | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.025767 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → ecliptic | 12.088482 10.952434 13.887739 3.111544 | 0.412931 0.376211 0.479308 0.105471 | — | 0.060143 0.054286 0.068844 0.015425 | 0.060528 0.054900 0.068899 0.015147 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → fk4 | 0.217123 0.195032 0.249037 0.056381 | 0.289300 0.305089 0.586087 0.153734 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.543986 0.560180 1.009565 0.241864 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → fk5 | 0.001213 0.001098 0.001414 0.000326 | 0.453866 0.412239 0.524856 0.116004 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.008570 0.007780 0.009988 0.002224 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → icrs | 0.001213 0.001098 0.001414 0.000326 | 0.445291 0.406074 0.517262 0.114202 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → ecliptic | 11.987949 10.820832 13.887806 3.182083 | 0.041853 0.038088 0.049150 0.011165 | 0.041973 0.038386 0.048756 0.010878 | 0.059451 0.053648 0.068844 0.015780 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → fk4 | 0.004450 0.004217 0.006194 0.001322 | 0.025765 0.023354 0.030035 0.006857 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → fk5 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → galactic | 0.001235 0.001110 0.001414 0.000319 | 0.450293 0.407967 0.517266 0.113281 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| astropy | casa | novas | palpy | pyephem | skyfield | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ecliptic → fk4 | 12.188700 10.989591 13.957816 3.072625 | 0.036182 0.032938 0.041569 0.008883 | — | 0.060105 0.054222 0.068844 0.015143 | 0.577853 0.591075 1.036336 0.252163 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → fk5 | 12.188460 10.989386 13.956636 3.072730 | 0.036183 0.032943 0.041557 0.008885 | 0.020006 0.018190 0.023147 0.005122 | 0.060105 0.054222 0.068844 0.015143 | 0.036153 0.032916 0.041523 0.008877 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → galactic | 12.188131 10.989299 13.956571 3.072743 | 0.474529 0.428917 0.540607 0.118229 | — | 0.060105 0.054222 0.068844 0.015143 | 0.035177 0.032202 0.040494 0.008559 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → icrs | 12.188459 10.989386 13.956636 3.072730 | 0.029219 0.026383 0.033100 0.007166 | 0.027330 0.024660 0.031674 0.007067 | 0.060105 0.054222 0.068844 0.015143 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → ecliptic | 12.044888 10.874632 13.957682 3.197933 | 0.036432 0.033074 0.041561 0.008952 | — | 0.059451 0.053648 0.068844 0.015781 | 2171.896226 1959.823544 2514.983311 576.467048 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → fk5 | 0.004455 0.004223 0.006196 0.001324 | 0.000006 0.000005 0.000007 0.000002 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.565967 0.575010 1.019607 0.254424 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → galactic | 0.217933 0.196145 0.249069 0.055752 | 0.305000 0.309451 0.586296 0.156885 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.563261 0.569953 1.012050 0.253002 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → icrs | 0.004461 0.004223 0.006199 0.001325 | 0.025795 0.023360 0.030027 0.006850 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → ecliptic | 12.047118 10.874478 13.956645 3.197862 | 0.036442 0.033079 0.041557 0.008934 | 0.020125 0.018223 0.023147 0.005180 | 0.059451 0.053648 0.068844 0.015780 | 0.036411 0.033053 0.041523 0.008926 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → fk4 | 0.004450 0.004217 0.006194 0.001322 | 0.000014 0.000014 0.000156 0.000009 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.564797 0.574896 1.019420 0.254471 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → galactic | 0.001235 0.001110 0.001414 0.000319 | 0.457973 0.413190 0.524860 0.115613 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.008617 0.007782 0.009988 0.002287 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → icrs | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.025767 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → ecliptic | 12.148645 11.006717 13.956578 3.126967 | 0.465077 0.424541 0.540597 0.118943 | — | 0.060143 0.054286 0.068844 0.015425 | 0.035078 0.031852 0.040494 0.009102 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → fk4 | 0.217123 0.195032 0.249037 0.056381 | 0.289300 0.305089 0.586087 0.153734 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.543986 0.560180 1.009565 0.241864 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → fk5 | 0.001213 0.001098 0.001414 0.000326 | 0.453866 0.412239 0.524856 0.116004 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.008570 0.007780 0.009988 0.002224 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → icrs | 0.001213 0.001098 0.001414 0.000326 | 0.445291 0.406074 0.517262 0.114202 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → ecliptic | 12.047119 10.874478 13.956645 3.197862 | 0.029060 0.026194 0.033101 0.007358 | 0.026856 0.024571 0.031674 0.007105 | 0.059451 0.053648 0.068844 0.015780 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → fk4 | 0.004450 0.004217 0.006194 0.001322 | 0.025765 0.023354 0.030035 0.006857 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → fk5 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.025768 0.023355 0.030023 0.006856 | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| icrs → galactic | 0.001235 0.001110 0.001414 0.000319 | 0.450293 0.407967 0.517266 0.113281 | — | 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 | — | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| astropy | casa | novas | palpy | pyast | skyfield | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ecliptic → fk4 | 11.674292 10.582021 13.791029 2.971487 | 0.559139 0.574901 1.018259 0.251323 | — | 0.543957 0.554878 0.988669 0.244565 | 0.577853 0.591075 1.036336 0.252163 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → fk5 | 12.176075 10.982942 13.949959 3.072340 | 0.000035 0.000031 0.000040 0.000009 | 0.036584 0.032967 0.041960 0.009509 | 0.062990 0.057487 0.074073 0.016664 | 0.036153 0.032916 0.041523 0.008877 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| ecliptic → galactic | 12.172479 10.979089 13.945046 3.071261 | 0.452386 0.410633 0.518261 0.113368 | — | 0.058886 0.053390 0.068898 0.015687 | 0.035177 0.032202 0.040494 0.008559 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → ecliptic | 2159.911813 1948.949561 2501.029890 573.269310 | 2171.891432 1959.817222 2514.975798 576.465454 | — | 2171.836776 1959.769896 2514.914473 576.451267 | 2171.896226 1959.823544 2514.983311 576.467048 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → fk5 | 0.564695 0.574742 1.020210 0.254929 | 0.565963 0.575007 1.019602 0.254423 | — | 0.565967 0.575010 1.019607 0.254424 | 0.565967 0.575010 1.019607 0.254424 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk4 → galactic | 0.459495 0.458131 0.860151 0.230676 | 0.452848 0.408335 0.518503 0.114099 | — | 0.563261 0.569953 1.012050 0.253002 | 0.563261 0.569953 1.012050 0.253002 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → ecliptic | 12.040407 10.868485 13.949966 3.196385 | 0.000035 0.000031 0.000040 0.000009 | 0.036585 0.032967 0.041960 0.009509 | 0.063304 0.057289 0.074073 0.017000 | 0.036411 0.033053 0.041523 0.008926 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → fk4 | 0.564713 0.574624 1.020036 0.254973 | 0.564780 0.574895 1.019429 0.254469 | — | 0.564797 0.574896 1.019420 0.254471 | 0.564797 0.574896 1.019420 0.254471 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| fk5 → galactic | 0.007900 0.007151 0.009162 0.002086 | 0.452300 0.408086 0.518261 0.114089 | — | 0.008617 0.007782 0.009988 0.002287 | 0.008617 0.007782 0.009988 0.002287 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → ecliptic | 12.134777 10.998102 13.945060 3.124617 | 0.446826 0.407091 0.518249 0.114453 | — | 0.060528 0.054900 0.068899 0.015147 | 0.035078 0.031852 0.040494 0.009102 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → fk4 | 0.448513 0.449965 0.858774 0.226540 | 0.447031 0.407285 0.518496 0.114508 | — | 0.543986 0.560180 1.009565 0.241864 | 0.543986 0.560180 1.009565 0.241864 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| galactic → fk5 | 0.007893 0.007138 0.009162 0.002052 | 0.446820 0.407091 0.518249 0.114454 | — | 0.008570 0.007780 0.009988 0.002224 | 0.008570 0.007780 0.009988 0.002224 | — | Median Mean Max Std.Dev. |
| astropy | casa | novas | palpy | pyast | pyephem |
|---|